The Peshawar Conspiracy Case refers to a set of five cases which took place between 1922 to 1927 in the British India. The people who were tried in these cases had sneaked into British India from Russia to start a revolution. The twenties of twentieth century was a decade which saw the revival of revolutionary movement in British India. The British Imperial government in India was terrified by the idea of spread of communism in India. It was not the only case which became popular and galvanized the imagination of the young population of India, there were similar such cases. Among them, the Kanpur Bolshevik Case of May 1924 can be quoted as a substantiating case.